Indus River
Indus River is known as "Father of Rivers". If Indus River is called Indus. This river is responsible for the name of India. The Indus River originates from Manasarovar near Siggezongbo in the "Kailasa Mountain" area of the Himalayas in the Himalayas at a height of 6,714 m and flows from Tibet in a northwesterly direction to India, then flows from India in a southwesterly direction through Pakistan for 2,897 km to join the Arabian Sea near Karachi, Pakistan.
* Main river Indus is 709 km in India. m long flows. The river flows in a westerly direction between the Ladakh and Jaskar ranges in India and turns southwest near the Ganges to enter Pakistan.
* This river is the national river of Pakistan. Otherwise, it is the longest flowing river in Pakistan and it has become the life of Pakistan by providing more irrigation facilities in Pakistan.
* The ancient civilization of India was found on the banks of the Indus River and its tributaries, which is called the "Indus Valley Civilization".
* Its catchment area in India is 1.17 lakh sq. K. m is Himachal Pradesh and northwestern states like Punjab and Haryana get irrigation facility from this river. As its tributaries Jhelum, Chinab, Beas, Ravi and Sutlej, these 5 rivers flow in Punjab, Punjab is known as the bed of five rivers.
Tributaries of Indus River
The tributaries of the Indus can be divided into two parts. They are --
1) Right Bank Tributaries :-
Shyok, Hunza, Gilgit River, Swat River, Kabul River, Kurram River, Gonal River.
2) Left Bank Tributaries :-
Jhelum, Chinab, Beas, Ravi and Sutlej.
1) River Jhelum :-
The river originates at Sheshanag in the Pir Punjab range of Kashmir and flows through the Kashmir Valley and Ullar Lake. Ullar Lake is the largest freshwater lake in India. River Jhelum is called Vitashta in Sanskrit.
* This is a historical river and a tributary of river Chenab.
* On the banks of this river, between Paurus, the ruler of Puru in India, and Alexander Dur. BC In 326 the battle was fought.
* This historic battle is known as the Battle of Idespus. Jhelum river is called Idaspus river.
2) Chenab River :-
The Chinab River contains 2 water sources, Chandra and Bhaga, which originate in the Lavula Spiti valley near Himachal Pradesh and flow through Kashmir in Pakistan to join the Sutlej River. The Jhelum River joins the Chenab River at Trimmu.
3) Ravi :-
It originates in the Kullu hills of Himachal Pradesh. On the banks of this river, the city of Harappa was found in Pakistan, which was discovered by Dayaram Sahani in 1921. Ranchit Dam is constructed in Punjab across the river Purushani & Irrawaddy.
4) Bias :-
It originates near Beas Kund in the Kullu Hills Valley of Himachal Pradesh and flows through the Rohtang Valley. It joins the river Sutlej in Punjab. It is the only tributary of the Indus River that originates within India and ends within India.
5) Sutlej River :-
The river originates near Rakus Lake in Mount Kailash, Tibet. It is the only tributary of the Indus River that originates outside the Indian border and flows through India. The river enters Himachal Pradesh through the Sheeshkilla Valley from Tibet. It then flows through Punjab and joins the Indus River in Pakistan. It is the largest tributary of Indus River. Bhakra Nangal Dam is constructed on this river in Himachal Pradesh.
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